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Forest TSI for Timber Production (Art, Science, & a Chainsaw) – Scenic Rivers Farm & Forest Consulting LLC

Forest TSI for Timber Production (Art, Science, & a Chainsaw)

I enjoy teaching. While doing TSI today and thinking through the process, I imagined a question someone might pose, and now I want to work through an answer that might make sense to an average forest landowner. I’ll attempt to explain what I do as a forester to help along a natural but fairly ordered forest system to produce in ways that meets that landowners objectives.

The question often asked:  “Why are you cutting that young tree? If you leave it, won’t it grow big enough to harvest some day?”

So with this post I want to tackle some underlying assumptions held by many in order to answer this question. The false assumption often held is that small trees = young trees. Small trees CAN be young trees, but not ALL small trees are young trees.

All trees have a lifespan, and the objective for a landowner that wants to grow and harvest the most good quality trees during a managed timber sale, is to get as many of his trees as big as possible within that lifespan. The art and science of forestry is to help the best trees gain access and maintain access to sunlight within a limited growing space.

So, today, I DID cut down that smaller tree not too far from the bigger tree, and hopefully my on the fly investigative reporting will shed some light on why. I didn’t have anything to measure with, but I did have a smartphone and an ashtray with a few gate keys and four or five .22 long rifle rounds. A quick google search revealed what I suspected. A .22 long rifle bullet is one inch long, and a perfect scale object. Off we go down the hill to take some pictures.

 

This 16″ white oak is roughly 75 years old and can grow several more years before time of harvest. The small white oak not to far from it is roughly the same age.
The small white oak lost the competitive edge to the larger white oak several years ago and is now suppressed in a secondary position in the canopy trying to capture any leftover light from the canopy trees.
After cutting down the smaller and suppressed white oak, the age and growth rate is revealed, and confirms what was inferred. The growth rate of this suppressed white oak is so poor, there is more value in allowing the more vigorous oak next to it to use the water and nutrient resources for growth. The absence of the tree allows light to the forest floor, increasing the chance of more white oak seedlings to establish.
This quality red oak towers over a small suppressed white oak about 8 feet from its base. The small white oak is cut in favor of the red oak. The red oak will most likely be harvested at the next timber sale 10 or 15 years down the road.
This 75 year old 6″ DBH white oak had a good start on growth while competing at the same time with the neighboring red oak, but after 30 or so years, it lost the edge and growth rate significantly slowed, while the neighboring red oak maintained good growth with its better position in the canopy.
One might ask, “how does he know that the bigger trees are 75 years old like the smaller ones? Well, the truth is, without the stumps from the harvest we did last year, I wouldn’t know, unless we used an increment borer. Interestingly enough, the red oak stump near the red oak we left standing for next time, revealed that we marked, cut, and sold it at about the right time. More than likely this red oak started to compete with the other nearby red oak high in the canopy and growth rate for the last 5 or 6 years started to slow. Now the standing red oak has more room to expand its crown and put on more growth.

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